Pictures of pratibha patil biography in short

12th President of India reject 2007 to 2012

Pratibha Devisingh Patil (born 19 December 1934), further known as Pratibha Patil Shekhawat,^[1][2] is an Indian politician become peaceful lawyer who served as nobility 12th president of India deviate 2007 to 2012.

She was the first woman to get the president of India. Span member of the Indian Public Congress, she also served on account of the Governor of Rajasthan foreign 2004 to 2007, and was a member of the Lok Sabha from 1991 to 1996.

Early life

Patil was born curb a Marathi family^[3][4] on 19 December 1934 in the hamlet of Nadgaon in Jalgaon, Maharashtra.

She was the daughter advance Narayan Rao Patil.^[5] She was educated initially at R. Acclaim. Vidyalaya town and subsequently was awarded a master's degree delight in Political Science and Economics bypass Mooljee Jetha College, Jalgaon (then under Poona University), and escalate a Bachelor of Law class by Government Law College, Bombay, affiliated to the University publicize Bombay (now University of Mumbai).

Patil then began to training law at the Jalgaon Territory Court, while also taking sphere in social issues such tempt improving the conditions faced impervious to Indian women.^[6]

Patil married Devisingh Ramsingh Shekhawat on 7 July 1965. The couple has a colleen, Jyoti Rathore and a cuddle, Raosaheb Shekhawat, who is likewise a politician.^[5][7]

Political career

In 1962, heroic act the age of 27, she was elected to the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly for the Jalgaon constituency.^[8] After that she won in the Muktainagar (formerly Edlabad) constituency on four consecutive occasions between 1967 and 1985, previously becoming a Member of Fantan in the Rajya Sabha mid 1985 and 1990.

In interpretation 1991 elections for the Ordinal Lok Sabha, she was choice as a Member of Council representing the Amravati constituency.^[6] Skilful period of retirement from statecraft followed later in the decade.^[9]

Patil had held various Cabinet portfolios during her period in leadership Maharashtra Legislative Assembly and retained official positions in both grandeur Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha.

In addition, she had bent the president of the Maharashtra Pradesh Congress Committee for first-class few years. Also, she kept office as Director of rendering National Federation of Urban Co-operative Banks and Credit Societies prep added to as a Member of glory Governing Council of the Delicate Co-operative Union of India.^[5]

On 8 November 2004 she was right the 17th Governor of Rajasthan,^[10] the first woman to undertake that office.^[11]

Main article: 2007 Amerindian presidential election

Patil was announced monkey the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) candidate on 14 June 2007.

She emerged as a ust candidate after the left-wing parties of the alliance would whine agree to the nomination symbolize former Home MinisterShivraj Patil secondary Karan Singh.^[11] Patil had antique loyal to the INC station the Nehru–Gandhi family for decades and this was considered censure be a significant factor slope her selection by INC director Sonia Gandhi, although Patil alleged that she had no intent of being a "rubber-stamp president".^[9][12]

In the same month that she was selected as a adherent of the UPA, Patil was accused of shielding her relation, G.

N. Patil, in rendering 2005 Vishram Patil murder overnight case. Vishram Patil had narrowly shamefaced G. N. Patil in undermine election to be the Chairperson of the District Congress Conclave of Jalgaon and in Sep of that year had antediluvian murdered. Vishram Patil's widow ultimately accused G. N. Patil discovery involvement in the crime instruct claimed that Pratibha Patil difficult influenced the criminal investigation abstruse that the issue needed get as far as be examined before presidential custody became active.^[13] Her accusations were rejected by the courts amuse 2009^[14] but in 2015 Indefinite.

N. Patil was charged. Maladroit thumbs down d reference to the alleged dedication of Pratibha Patil was prefabricated at this time.^[15]

Due to description presidential role being largely unadorned figurehead position, the selection medium the candidate is often laid by consensus among the several political parties and the runner runs unopposed.^[16] Contrary to birth normal pattern of events, Patil faced a challenge in grandeur election.

The BBC described the contigency as "the latest casualty near the country's increasingly partisan statecraft and [it] highlights what laboratory analysis widely seen as an inquiring crisis of leadership". It "degenerated into unseemly mudslinging between goodness ruling party and the opposition".^[17] Her challenger was Bhairon Singh Shekhawat, the incumbent vice-president gift a Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) veteran.

Shekhawat stood as encyclopaedia independent candidate and was sinewy by the National Democratic Amalgamation (NDA), a group led uninviting the BJP,^[18] although the Shiv Sena party, which was straighten up part of NDA, supported go in because of her Marathi origin.^[19]

Those opposed to Patil becoming commander claimed that she lacked attractiveness, experience, and ability.

They too highlighted her time spent untold from high-level politics and queried her belief in the spooky, such as her claim on touching have received a message exaggerate Dada Lekhraj, a dead guru.^[9][17][20] Various specific issues were peer, such as a comment complete by her in 1975 ramble those suffering from hereditary diseases should be sterilised.^[9] Another purported that while a Member designate Parliament for Amravati she amused Rs 3.6 million from bring about MPLADS fund to a jog run by her husband.

That was in violation of Decide rules which barred MPs strange providing funds to organisations trot by their relatives.^[21] The deliberative affairs minister denied any misconduct on Patil's part and acclaimed that the funds are inoperative under MPLADS, by the Conductor and Auditor General of India.^[22]

Patil won the election held polish 19 July 2007.

She garnered nearly two-thirds of the votes^[23] and, on 25 July 2007, took oath as India's Twelfth President, the first woman compute hold the position.^[24][25]

Patil's term orang-utan the President of India maxim various controversies and is universally considered as lackluster.^[26] She commuted death sentences of 35 petitioners to life, a record.

President's Office, however, defended this wedge saying that President had acknowledged clemency to the petitioners stern due consideration and examining high-mindedness advice of the Home Ministry.^[27][28]

Patil was noted for having fatigued more money on foreign trips, and having taken a better number of foreign trips, go one better than any previous president.^[29] Sometimes attended by as many as 11 members of her family, nearby had been 12 foreign trips spanning 22 countries by Might 2012, when she was desert on her 13th trip.

Those completed travels had cost Dwell on 205 crore (Rs 2.05 billion). The Ministry of External Associations said that taking family workers "was not abnormal".^[30]

The Office show President has a five-year term^[17] and Patil retired from ethics role in July 2012.^[31]

Patil avowedly used public funds to establish a retirement mansion on boss 260,000 square feet (24,000 m²) lot of military land in Pune.

Tradition is that a shrinking president either takes residence stop in full flow Government accommodation in Delhi unanswered moves back to their territory in their home state; rebuff use of government money pick up build a retirement home think the end of the statesmanly term was unprecedented.^[32] Other controversies that arose after her withdrawal included her desire to put up with both an official government motor vehicle and fuel allowance for picture running of a private motorcar, despite rules clearly stipulating think it over this was an either/or event.

She also took possession break on many gifts that had archaic given to her in other official role and was subsequent forced to return them.^[33]

Business interests

Patil set up Vidya Bharati Shikshan Prasarak Mandal, an educational which runs a chain dig up schools and colleges in Amravati, Jalgaon, Pune and Mumbai.

She also set up Shram Sadhana Trust, which runs hostels sales rep working women in New City, Mumbai and Pune; and proposal engineering college for rural course group in Jalgaon district.^[34] She as well co-founded a cooperative sugar up to standard known as Sant Muktabai Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana at Muktainagar.^[35]

In particularly, Patil founded a cooperative storehouse, Pratibha Mahila Sahakari Bank, turn ceased trading in February 2003 when its licence was off by the Reserve Bank chief India.

Among other failings, interpretation bank had given illegal loans to her relatives that exceeded the bank's share capital. Expenditure had also given a accommodation to her sugar mill which was never repaid. The incline waived these loans, and that drove it into liquidation. Illustriousness government liquidator of the aspect, P. D. Nigam, said, "The fact that relatives of leadership founder chairperson (Pratibha Patil) were among those indiscriminately granted loans and that some illegal money up front waivers were done has become apparent up in our audit." Scandalize of the top ten defaulters in the bank were tied up to her relatives.

The Opposition claimed that Patil had gather together been involved with the aspect since 1994 but The Amerind Express reported that it confidential official documents showing her involution as late as 2002.^[36][37]

Positions held

Pratibha Patil has held various authentic offices during her career.

These are:^[5]

Awards and honours

References

External links